Rubidium Facts - Rb or Element 37

Rubidium is a silver-colored alkali metal with a melting point slightly higher than body temperature. The element is atomic number 37 with element symbol Rb. Here is a collection of rubidium element facts. Fast Facts: Rubidium Element Name: RubidiumElement Symbol: RbAtomic Number: 37Appearance: Grey metalGroup: Group 1 (Alkali Metal)Period: Period 5Discovery: Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff (1861)Fun Fact: The half life of the radioactive isotope Rb-87 is 49 billion years or more than three times the age of the universe. Rubidium  Basic Facts Atomic Number: 37 Symbol: Rb Atomic Weight: 85.4678 Discovery: R. Bunsen, G. Kirchoff 1861 (Germany), discovered rubidium in the mineral petalite via its dark red spectral lines. Electron Configuration: [Kr] 5s1 Word Origin: Latin: rubidus: deepest red. Isotopes: There are 29 known isotopes of rubidium. Natural rubidium consists of two isotopes, rubidium-85 (stable with 72.15% abundance) and rubidium-87 (27.85% abundance, a beta emitter with a half-life of 4.9 x 1010 years). Thus, natural rubidium is radioactive, with sufficient activity to expose photographic film within 110 days. Properties: Rubidium may be liquid at room temperature. It ignites spontaneously in air and reacts violently in water, setting fire to the liberated hydrogen. Thus, rubidium must be stored under dry mineral oil, in a vacuum, or in an inert atmosphere. It is a soft, silvery-white metallic element of the alkali group. Rubidium forms amalgams with mercury and alloys with gold, sodium, potassium, and cesium. Rubidium glows red-violet in a flame test. Element Classification: Alkali Metal Biological Effects: Rubidium carries a 1 oxidation state, like sodium and potassium, and displays biological activity similar to that of potassium ions. Rubidium concentrates inside cells within the intracellular fluid. The biological half-life of rubidium ions in humans is 31 to 46 days. Rubidium ions are not particularly toxic, but rats die when over half the potassium in heart muscle is replaced by rubidium. Rubidium chloride has been tested as a therapy for the treatment of depression. Researchers found dialysis patients suffering from depression tended to experience depleted rubidium levels. The element is not considered to be essential for human nutrition, although it is present in small quantities in nearly all human and animal tissues. Rubidium Physical Data Density (g/cc): 1.532Melting Point (K): 312.2Boiling Point (K): 961Appearance: soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metalAtomic Radius (pm): 248Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 55.9Covalent Radius (pm): 216Ionic Radius: 147 (1e)Specific Heat (20 °C J/g mol): 0.360Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 2.20Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 75.8Pauling Negativity Number: 0.82First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 402.8Oxidation States: 1Lattice Structure: Body-Centered CubicLattice Constant (Ã…): 5.590CAS Registry Number: 7440-17-7 Rubidium Trivia Rubidium melts just a little above body temperature.Rubidium was discovered using spectroscopy. When Bunsen and Kirchoff examined their sample of petalite, they found two red spectral lines deep into the red part of the spectrum. They named their new element rubidium after the Latin word rubidus meaning deepest red.Rubidium is the second most electropositive element.Rubidium can be used to give fireworks a red-violet color.Rubidium is the 23rd most abundant element in the Earths crust.Rubidium chloride is used in biochemistry as a biomarker to track where potassium is taken up by living organisms.The hyper-fine electron structure of Rubidium-87 is used in some atomic clocks to maintain accuracy.The isotope Ru-87 was used by Eric Cornell, Wolfgang Ketterle, and Carl Wiemen to produce a Bose-Einstein condensate. This earned them the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics. Sources Campbell, N. R.; Wood, A. (1908). The Radioactivity of Rubidium. Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society. 14: 15.Fieve, Ronald R.; Meltzer, Herbert L.; Taylor, Reginald M. (1971). Rubidium chloride ingestion by volunteer subjects: Initial experience. Psychopharmacologia. 20 (4): 307–14. doi:10.1007/BF00403562Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.122. ISBN 1439855110.Meites, Louis (1963).  Handbook of Analytical Chemistry  (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company.Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

Windows vs Linux - 2213 Words

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY TERM PAPER TOPIC: - WINDOWS VERSUS LINUX SUBMITTED TO: - SUBMITTED BY:- Mr. Raj Singh Satnam Singh RD1901A21 10902610 Acknowledgement I am very thankful to god who gave me this position to do this type of project. I am thankful to my respected Sir Mr. RAJ SINGH who guided me to do as well as I can do in this term paper. My topic is â€Å"WINDOWS VS LINUX† and it is very interesting topic for me. With the help of Mr. RAJ SINGH, I had gained a lot of knowledge from this topic. Beside this my friends also helped me a lot in this topic.†¦show more content†¦Most software for Linux is included with its installation CD, whereas for Windows, everything must be purchased separately for a high price. Also, in most situations, the software for both operating systems is equivalent, yet there is a significant price difference between them. A person using the computer on a daily basis and who needs various software applications will prefer Linux over Windows. HARDWARE:- More hardware is available for Windows than for Linux. However, Linux is compatible with most hardware and it runs on almost any platform. It can also run from a CD-ROM whereas Windows has to be installed on the hard drive before it can be used. So, for someone who uses a lot of hardware such as CD/DVD burner or printer, Windows would be more beneficial than Linux. USER INTERFACE:- Windows is more user-friendly thank Linux. However, Linux is more customizable than Windows since its code is accessible to anyone. For someone who does not care much about the extra features such as the uniqueness of the desktop, Windows will be better because of its user-friendly interface. SECURITY/STABILITY:- As of May 2004, it was calculated that there are about 40000 viruses created for Windows over the past ten years.[1] Furthermore, this count of viruses implies that Windows is being attacked by almost 10 viruses per day. Compared to Windows, Linux is virus-free. 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Bloodlines Chapter Twenty-Seven Free Essays

string(39) " is going to totally hook in some guy\." I THINK ADRIAN would have agreed to anything to get his own place. He didn’t waste any time in moving his few possessions over to Keith’s old apartment, much to Clarence’s dismay. I had to admit, I felt kind of bad for the old man. We will write a custom essay sample on Bloodlines Chapter Twenty-Seven or any similar topic only for you Order Now He’d grown fond of Adrian, and losing him right after Lee was especially tough. Clarence still opened his home and feeder to our group but refused to believe anything we told him about Lee and Strigoi. Even once he accepted Lee was dead, Clarence continued blaming vampire hunters. Shortly after his move, I went to check on Adrian. Word had come to us that the â€Å"research party† from the Moroi was due to arrive in town that day, and we’d decided to meet with them first before bringing in Jill and Eddie. Like before, Abe was apparently escorting the newcomers, who included Sonya and Jill’s new roommate. I had the impression there might be others with them but hadn’t heard the details yet. â€Å"Whoa,† I said when Adrian let me into his apartment. He’d only been there a couple days, but the transformation was startling. With the exception of the TV, none of the original furniture remained. It was all different, and even the apartment’s layout had changed. The decorating scheme was new as well, and the scent of fresh paint hung heavy in the air. â€Å"Yellow, huh?† I asked, staring at the living room walls. â€Å"It’s called ‘Goldenrod,'† he corrected. â€Å"And it’s supposed to be cheerful and calming.† I started to point out that those two traits didn’t seem like they’d go together but then decided against it. The color, slightly obnoxious though it was, completely transformed the living room. Between that and the blinds that had replaced Keith’s heavy drapes, the room was now filled with color and light that went a long way to obscure the memory of the battle. I shuddered, recalling it. Even if the apartment hadn’t been needed to buy Adrian’s help, I wasn’t sure I could’ve accepted it and stayed here. The memory of Lee’s death – and the two Strigoi women’s – was too strong. â€Å"How did you afford new furniture?† I asked. The Alchemists had given him the place, but there was no other stipend involved. â€Å"I sold the old stuff,† Adrian said, seeming very pleased by this. â€Å"That recliner†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He faltered, a troubled look briefly crossing his features. I wondered if he too could imagine Lee’s life bleeding away in that chair. â€Å"That recliner was worth a lot. It was appallingly overpriced, even by my standards. But I got enough for it to replace the rest. It’s used, but what choice did I have?† â€Å"It’s nice,† I said, running my hand along an overstuffed plaid sofa. It looked ghastly with the walls but appeared to be in good shape. Plus, much like the brightness of the yellow, the clashing furniture helped diminish the memories of what had happened. â€Å"You must have done some savvy shopping. I’m guessing you don’t buy a lot of used stuff.† â€Å"Try never,† he said. â€Å"You have no idea the things I’ve had to lower myself to.† His pleased smile dimmed as he regarded me carefully. â€Å"How are you holding up?† I shrugged. â€Å"Fine. Why wouldn’t I be? What happened to me isn’t nearly as bad as what Jill went through.† He crossed his arms. â€Å"I don’t know. Jill didn’t watch a guy die in front of her. And let’s not forget that same guy wanted to kill you only moments before in order to rise again from the dead.† Those were things that had definitely been on my mind a lot in the last week, things that were going to take a while to get over. Sometimes, I didn’t feel anything at all. Other times, the reality of what had happened descended on me so swiftly and heavily that I couldn’t breathe. Strigoi nightmares had replaced the ones of re-education centers. â€Å"I’m actually better with it than you might think,† I said slowly, gazing off at nothing particular. â€Å"Like, it’s terrible about Lee and what he did, but I feel I can get over it in time. Do you know what I keep thinking about the most, though?† â€Å"What?† asked Adrian gently. The words seemed to come forth without my control. I hadn’t expected to say them to anyone, certainly not to him. â€Å"Lee telling me I was wasting my life and staying aloof from people. And then, during that last meeting with Keith, he told me that I was naive, that I didn’t understand the world. And it’s true to a certain extent. I mean, not what he said about you guys being evil†¦ but well, I was naive. I should’ve been more careful with Jill. I believed the best of Lee when I should’ve been more wary. I’m not a fighter like Eddie, but I am an observer of the world†¦ or so I like to think. But I failed. I’m no good with people.† â€Å"Sage, your first mistake in all of this is listening to anything Keith Darnell says. The guy’s an idiot, an asshole, and a dozen other words that aren’t suitable for a lady like yourself.† â€Å"See?† I said. â€Å"You just admitted it, that I’m some kind of untouchable, pure soul.† â€Å"I never said any such thing,† he countered. â€Å"My point is that you’re leagues above Keith, and what happened with Lee was dumb, ridiculous bad luck. And remember, none of us saw it coming either. You weren’t alone. It casts no reflection on you. Or†¦Ã¢â‚¬  His eyebrows rose. â€Å"Maybe it does. Didn’t you say that Lee considered killing Keith for Alchemist blood?† â€Å"Yeah†¦ but Keith left too soon.† â€Å"Well, there you go. Even a psychopath recognized your worth enough to want to kill someone else first.† I didn’t know whether to laugh or cry. â€Å"That doesn’t make me feel better.† Adrian shrugged. â€Å"My earlier point remains. You’re a solid person, Sage. You’re easy on the eyes, if a little skinny, and your ability to memorize useless information is going to totally hook in some guy. You read "Bloodlines Chapter Twenty-Seven" in category "Essay examples" Put Keith and Lee out of your head because they have nothing to do with your future.† â€Å"Skinny?† I asked, hoping I wasn’t blushing. I also hoped if I sounded outraged enough, he wouldn’t notice how much the other comment had disarmed me. Easy on the eyes. Not exactly the same as being told I was hotness incarnate or drop-dead gorgeous. But after a lifetime of having my appearance judged as â€Å"acceptable,† it was a heady compliment – especially coming from him. â€Å"I just tell it like it is.† I almost laughed. â€Å"Yes. Yes, you do. Now tell me about a different subject, please. I’m tired of this one.† â€Å"Sure thing.† Adrian infuriated me sometimes, but I had to admit, I loved his short attention span. It made dodging uncomfortable topics so much easier. Or so I thought. â€Å"Do you smell that?† An image of the bodies flashed into my head, and for a moment, all I could think he meant was the smell of decay. Then I sniffed more deeply. â€Å"I smell the paint, and†¦ wait†¦ is that pine?† He looked impressed. â€Å"Damn straight. Pine-scented cleaner. As in, I cleaned.† He gestured to the kitchen dramatically. â€Å"With these hands, these hands that don’t do manual labor.† I stared off into the kitchen. â€Å"What did you use it on? The cupboards?† â€Å"The cupboards are fine. I cleaned the floor and the counter.† I must have looked more puzzled than amazed because he added, â€Å"I even got down on my knees.† â€Å"You used pine cleaner on the floor and counters?† I asked. The floor was ceramic tile; the counters were granite. Adrian frowned. â€Å"Yeah, so?† He seemed so proud to have actually scrubbed something for once in his life that I couldn’t bring myself to tell him pine cleaner was generally only used on wood. I gave him an encouraging smile. â€Å"Well, it looks great. I need you to come over and clean my new dorm room now. It’s covered in dust.† â€Å"No way, Sage. My own housecleaning’s bad enough.† â€Å"But is it worth it? If you’d stayed at Clarence’s, you had a live-in cook and cleaner.† â€Å"It’s definitely worth it. I’ve never really, truly had my own place. I kind of did at Court†¦ but it might as well have been an over-glorified dorm room. This? This is great. Even with the housecleaning. Thank you.† The comic look of horror he’d worn while discussing housecleaning had been traded away for utter seriousness now as those green eyes weighed me. I suddenly felt uncomfortable under the scrutiny and was reminded of the spirit dream, where I’d questioned if his eyes really were that green in real life. â€Å"For what?† I asked. â€Å"For this – I know you must have twisted some Alchemist arms.† I hadn’t told him that I’d actually passed on taking the place for myself. â€Å"And for everything else. For not giving up on me, even when I was being a major asshole. And, you know, for that saving my life thing.† I looked away. â€Å"I didn’t do anything. That was Eddie – and Jill. They’re the ones who saved you.† â€Å"Not sure I would’ve been alive for their rescue if you hadn’t set that bitch on fire. How did you do that?† â€Å"It was nothing,† I protested. â€Å"Just a, uh, chemical reaction from the Alchemist bag of tricks.† Those eyes studied me again, weighing the truth of my words. I’m not sure he believed me, but he let it go. â€Å"Well, from the look on her face, your aim was right on. And then you got backhanded for it. Anyone who takes a hit for Adrian Ivashkov deserves some credit.† I turned my back to him, still shy with the praise – and nervous about the fire reference – and walked over to the window. â€Å"Yeah, well, you can rest easy that it was a selfish act. You have no idea what a pain it is to file paperwork for a dead Moroi.† He laughed, and it was one of the few times I’d heard him laugh with genuine humor and warmth – and not because of something twisted or sarcastic. â€Å"Okay, Sage. If you say so. You know, you’re a lot spunkier than when I first met you.† â€Å"Really? All the adjectives in the world at your disposable, and you pick ‘spunky’?† Banter I could handle. So long as I focused on that, I didn’t have to think about the meaning behind the words or how my heartbeat had increased just a little. â€Å"Just so you know, you’re a little more stable than when I met you.† He came over to stand by me. â€Å"Well, don’t tell anyone, but I think getting away from Court was a good thing. This weather sucks, but Palm Springs might be good for me – it and all the wonders it contains. You guys. Art classes. Pine cleaner.† I couldn’t help a grin and looked up at him. I’d been half-joking, but it was true: he had changed remarkably since we’d met. There was still a hurting man inside, one who bore the scars of what Rose and Dimitri had done to him, but I could see the signs of healing. He was steadier and stronger, and if he could just continue to hold the course, with no more crises for a while, a remarkable transformation might truly happen. It took several seconds of silence for me to realize that I’d been staring at him while my mind spun out its thoughts. And, actually, he was staring at me, with a look of wonder. â€Å"My God, Sage. Your eyes. How have I never noticed them?† That uncomfortable feeling was spreading over me again. â€Å"What about them?† â€Å"The color,† he breathed. â€Å"When you stand in the light. They’re amazing†¦ like molten gold. I could paint those†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He reached toward me but then pulled back. â€Å"They’re beautiful. You’re beautiful.† Something in the way he was looking at me froze me up and made my stomach do flip-flops, though I couldn’t quite articulate why. I only knew that he looked as though he was seeing me for the very first time†¦ and it scared me. I’d been able to brush off his easy, joking compliments, but this intensity was something different altogether, something I didn’t know how to react to. When he looked at me like this, I believed that he thought my eyes were beautiful – that I was beautiful. It was more than I was ready for. Flustered, I took a step backward, out of the sunlight, needing to get away from the energy of his gaze. I’d heard spirit could send him off on weird tangents but had no clue if that’s what this was. I was saved from my feeble attempts to muster a witty comment when a knock at the door made both of us jump. Adrian blinked, and some of that rapture faded. His lips twisted into one of his sly smiles, and it was as though nothing weird had happened. â€Å"Showtime, huh?† I nodded, reeling with a confusing mix of relief, nervousness, and†¦ excitement. Except, I wasn’t entirely sure if those feelings were from Adrian or our impending visitors. All I knew was that suddenly, I was able to breathe more easily than I had a few moments ago. He walked across the living room and opened the door with a flourish. Abe swept in, resplendent in a gray and yellow suit that coordinated bafflingly well with Adrian’s paint job. A wide grin broke out over the older Moroi’s face. â€Å"Adrian, Sydney†¦ so lovely to see you again. I believe one of you already knows this young lady?† He moved past us, revealing a lean dhampir girl with auburn hair and big blue eyes filled with suspicion. â€Å"Hello, Angeline,† I said. When they’d told me Angeline Dawes was going to be Jill’s new roommate, I thought it was the most ridiculous thing I’d ever heard. Angeline was one of the Keepers, that separatist group of Moroi, dhampirs, and humans who lived in the wilds of West Virginia. They wanted nothing to do with the â€Å"civilization† of any of our races and had a number of bizarre customs, not the least of which was their abominable tolerance for interracial romance. Later, when I’d thought about it, I decided Angeline might not be such a bad choice. She was the same age as Jill, possibly giving Jill a closer connection than I could manage. Angeline, while not trained the way a guardian like Eddie was, still could hold her own in a fight. If anyone came for Jill, they’d have their work cut out for them getting through Angeline. And with the aversion Angeline’s people had toward â€Å"tainted† Moroi, she would have no reason to further the politics of some rival faction. As I studied her and her threadbare clothes, I wondered, though, just how well she was going to adapt to being away from the Keepers. She wore a cocky look on her face that I’d seen when visiting her community, but here it was underscored with some nervousness as she took in Adrian’s place. After living in the woods her entire life, this small apartment with its TV and plaid sofa was probably the height of modern luxury. â€Å"Angeline,† said Abe. â€Å"This is Adrian Ivashkov.† Adrian extended his hand, turning on that natural charm. â€Å"A pleasure.† She took his hand after a moment’s hesitation. â€Å"Nice to meet you,† she said in her odd southern accent. She studied him for a few more seconds. â€Å"You look too pretty to be useful.† I gasped in spite of myself. Adrian chuckled and shook her hand. â€Å"Truer words were never spoken,† he said. Abe glanced over at me. I probably had a look of terror on my face because I was already imagining the damage control I’d have to do with Angeline saying or doing something completely wrong at Amberwood. â€Å"Sydney will undoubtedly want to†¦ debrief you on what to expect before you begin school,† said Abe diplomatically. â€Å"Undoubtedly,† I repeated. Adrian had stepped away from Angeline but was still grinning. â€Å"Let Jailbait do it. Better yet, let Castile. It’ll be good for him.† Abe shut the door but not before I got a glimpse behind him to the empty hallway. â€Å"It’s not just the two of you, is it?† I asked. â€Å"I heard there were others. Sonya’s one, right?† Abe nodded. â€Å"They’ll be right up. They’re parking the car. Street parking’s terrible around here.† Adrian looked over at me, hit by revelation. â€Å"Hey, do I inherit Keith’s car too?† â€Å"Afraid not,† I said. â€Å"It belonged to his dad. He took it back.† Adrian’s face fell. Abe stuffed his hands in his pockets and strolled casually around the living room. Angeline remained where she was. I think she was still sizing up the situation. â€Å"Ah, yes,† mused Abe. â€Å"The late, great Mr. Darnell. That boy’s really been beset with tragedy, hasn’t he? Such a hard life.† He paused and turned to Adrian. â€Å"But you, at least, seem to have benefited from his downfall.† â€Å"Hey,† said Adrian. â€Å"I earned this, so don’t give me any grief about bailing on Clarence. I know you wanted me to stay there for some weird reason but – † â€Å"And you did,† said Abe simply. Adrian frowned. â€Å"Huh?† â€Å"You did exactly what I wanted. I’d suspected something odd was going on with Clarence Donahue, that he might be selling his blood. I’d hoped keeping you on hand would uncover the plot.† Abe stroked his chin in that mastermind way of his. â€Å"Of course, I had no idea Mr. Darnell was involved. Nor did I expect you and young Sydney to team up to unravel it all.† â€Å"I’d hardly go that far,† I said dryly. A strange thought occurred to me. â€Å"Why would you care if Keith and Clarence were selling vampire blood? I mean, we Alchemists have reasons for not wanting that†¦ but why would you feel that way?† A surprised glint flashed in Adrian’s eyes, followed by insight. He eyed Abe carefully. â€Å"Maybe because he doesn’t want the competition.† My jaw nearly dropped open. It was no secret to anyone, Alchemist or Moroi, that Abe Mazur trafficked in illegal goods. That he might be moving large amounts of vampire blood to willing humans had never occurred to me. But as I studied him longer, I realized it should have. â€Å"Now, now,† said Abe, never breaking a sweat, â€Å"no need to bring up unpleasant topics.† â€Å"Unpleasant?† I exclaimed. â€Å"If you’re involved in anything that – â€Å" Abe held up a hand to stop me. â€Å"Enough, please. Because if that sentence ends with you saying you’ll talk to the Alchemists, then by all means, let’s get them out here and discuss all sorts of mysteries. Say, for example, like how Mr. Darnell lost his eye.† I froze. â€Å"Strigoi took it,† said Adrian impatiently. â€Å"Oh, come now,† said Abe, a smile twisting his lips. â€Å"My faith in you was just being restored. Since when do Strigoi do such precision maiming? Very artful maiming, I might add. Not that anyone probably ever noticed. Wasted talent, I tell you.† â€Å"What are you saying?† asked Adrian aghast. â€Å"It wasn’t Strigoi? Are you saying someone cut his eye out on purpose? Are you saying that you – â€Å" Words failed him, and he simply looked back and forth between me and Abe. â€Å"That’s it, isn’t it? Your devil’s bargain. But why?† I cringed as three sets of eyes stared at me, but there was no way I could acknowledge what Adrian was starting to put together. Maybe I could have told him if we were alone. Maybe. But I couldn’t tell him while Abe looked so smug and certainly not with an outsider like Angeline standing there. I couldn’t tell Adrian how I’d found my sister Carly a few years ago, after a date with Keith. It was when he’d still been living with us and just before she went off to college. She hadn’t wanted to go out with him, but our father loved Keith and had insisted. Keith was his golden boy and could do no wrong. Keith believed that too, which was why he hadn’t been able to take no for an answer when he and Carly were alone. She’d come to me afterward, creeping into my bedroom late at night and sobbing while I’d held her. My instant reaction was to tell our parents, but Carly had been too afraid – especially of our father. I was young and nearly as scared as she was, ready to agree with whatever she wanted. Carly had made me promise I wouldn’t tell our parents, so I sank my efforts into assuring her that it wasn’t her fault. The whole time, she told me, Keith had kept telling her how beautiful she was and how she’d left him no choice, that it was impossible for him to take his eyes off of her. I finally convinced her that she’d done nothing wrong, that she hadn’t led him on – but she still held me to my promise to stay silent. It was one of the biggest regrets of my life. I’d hated my silence but not nearly as much as I hated Keith for thinking he could rape someone as sweet and gentle as Carly and get away with it. It wasn’t until much later, when I had my first assignment and met Abe Mazur, that I’d realized there were other ways Keith might pay that would allow me to keep my promise to her. So, I’d made my deal with the devil, not caring that it bound me – or that I was stooping to barbaric levels of revenge. Abe had staged a fake Strigoi attack and cut out one of Keith’s eyes earlier this year. In return, I’d become Abe’s sort-of â€Å"retainer Alchemist.† It was part of what had driven me to help Rose with her jail break. I was in his debt. In some ways, I reflected bitterly, maybe I’d done Keith a favor. With only one eye left, maybe he wouldn’t find it so â€Å"impossible† to keep it off uninterested young women in the future. No, I certainly couldn’t tell Adrian any of that, but he was still looking at me, a million questions on his face as he tried to figure out what in the world would have reduced me to hiring Abe as a hit man. Laurel’s words suddenly rang back to me. You know, you can be scary as hell sometimes. I swallowed. â€Å"Remember when you asked me to trust you?† â€Å"Yes†¦Ã¢â‚¬  said Adrian. â€Å"I need you to do the same for me.† Long moments followed. I couldn’t bring myself to look at Abe because I knew he’d be smirking. â€Å"‘Spunky’ was kind of an understatement,† Adrian said. After what felt like forever, he slowly nodded. â€Å"Okay. I do trust you, Sage. I trust that you have good reasons for the things you do.† There was no snark, no sarcasm. He was deadly earnest, and for a moment, I wondered how I could have earned his trust so intently. I had a weird flash to the moments just before Abe had arrived, when Adrian had spoken of painting me and my feelings had been a jumble. â€Å"Thank you,† I said. â€Å"What,† demanded Angeline, â€Å"are you guys talking about?† â€Å"Nothing of interest, I assure you,† said Abe, who was really enjoying this all too much. â€Å"Life lessons, character development, unpaid debts. That sort of thing.† â€Å"Unpaid?† I surprised myself by taking a step forward and fixing him with a glare. â€Å"I’ve paid that debt a hundred times over. I don’t owe you anything anymore. My loyalty is only to the Alchemists now. Not you. We’re finished.† Abe was still smiling, but he wavered slightly. I think my standing up for myself had caught him off-guard. â€Å"Well, that remains to be – ah.† More knocking. â€Å"Here’s the rest of our party.† He hurried to the door. Adrian took a few steps toward me. â€Å"Not bad, Sage. I think you just scared old man Mazur.† I felt a smile of my own begin to form. â€Å"I don’t know about that, but it felt kind of good.† â€Å"You should backtalk people more often,† he said. We grinned at each other, and as he regarded me fondly, I felt that same queasy feeling return. He probably wasn’t experiencing that exact sensation, but there was an easy, bright mood about him. Rare – and very appealing. He nodded toward where Abe was opening the door. â€Å"It’s Sonya.† Spirit users could sense each other when they were close enough, even behind closed doors. And sure enough, when the door opened, Sonya Karp strode in like a queen, tall and elegant. With her red hair swept into a bun, the Moroi woman could have been Angeline’s older sister. Sonya smiled at us all, though I couldn’t help a shiver as I thought back to the first time I’d met her. She hadn’t been nearly so pretty or charming then. She’d been red-eyed and trying to kill us. Sonya was a Strigoi who’d been restored back to a Moroi, which really made her the ideal choice to work with Adrian on figuring out how to use spirit to prevent people from being turned. Sonya hugged Adrian and was walking over to me when someone else appeared in the doorway. In retrospect, I shouldn’t have been surprised at who it was. After all, if we wanted to figure out what special spirit magic in Lee had stopped him from being turned again, then we needed all the data possible. And if one restored Strigoi was good, then two were better. Adrian paled and went perfectly still as he stared at the newcomer, and in that moment, all my high hopes for him came crashing down. Earlier, I’d been certain that if Adrian could just stay away from his past and any traumatic events, he’d be able to find a purpose and steady himself. Well, it looked like his past had found him, and if this didn’t qualify as a traumatic event, I didn’t know what did. Adrian’s new research partner stepped through the door, and I knew the uneasy peace we’d just established in Palm Springs was about to shatter. Dimitri Belikov had arrived. How to cite Bloodlines Chapter Twenty-Seven, Essay examples

Cell Biology and Biotechniques

Question: Discuss about theCell Biology and Biotechniques. Answer: Literature Review on Application of Flow Cytometry and Transfection Technique on Functional Analysis of Crohns Disease Risk Gene LACC1 The review of the literature by Assadi et al. (2016) highlights how biophysical technology has been efficiently utilized in addressing research questions and finding effective results in clinical investigation. This research study mainly utilized the method of flow cytometry and transfection technique apart from real time PCR and immunoflourescence microscopy to detect fatty acid metabolism-immune nexus (FAMIN) in Chrohns disease risk gene LACC1 (Laccase domain containing 1) encoded protein in human tissues. This method of fatty acid metabolism was decided because genetic variation in the LACC1 gene increased the risk of Chrohns disease. The main of this research was to elucidate the biological function of LACC1 gene and determine the characterization of the gene expression in human tissue and cells. The research question for the study was how characteristics expression of LACC1 gene can increase risk of Crohns disease (Assadi et al. 2016). The FAMIN protein encoded by the LACC1 gene control all the defense mechanism of human body and the research was important to gain additional insights into how FAMIN characterization and LACC1 gene expression may create risk of Crohns disease. The transfection technique was used by maintaining human cell line THP-1 in suitable medium and the cells were incubated wit phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) to induce macrophage differentiation. For transfection experiment the HeLa cell line was transfected with empty vectors and LACC1 vector constructs. Western blotting was done on this cell and expression level was calculated. As transfection technique lead to unexpected morphologies and abnormalities in target cells, it helped in studying the expression of gene. On the other hand, immunofluoroscence staining was used to calculate the number of peroxisomes and several antibodies were used both for immunofluorescence staining and western blot (Assadi et al. 2016).Hence, transfection tech nique was applied in this research to study macrophage differentiation and gene expression of LACC1 gene. A research which considers the efficiency and cytotoxic effect of tranfection methodology lead to better results, whereas highly cytotoxic approaches lead to unwanted effects and unknown changes in gene expression which may affect the results (Goehring et al. 2014). Flow cytometry is the biophysical technology done by means of laser and used to analyze the characteristics of particle in a fluid stream by passing through electronic detection device. . Flow cytometry technique is widely used in the cell tracking, cell viability and infection studies and to conduct functional analysis in cell signaling gene expression studies (Givan 2013). In the research study by Assadi et al. (2016), flow cytometry of human blood derived cell and granulocytes and erythrocytes were isolated from the cell and stained using monoclonal antibodies. The FAMIN cells labeled with antibodies and data analyzed with flow cytometer and flow analysis software. This technique helped in the characterization of FAMIN expression in THP-1 cells. The result indicated the FAMIN expression was not detected in untreated cells, however PMA induced differentiation was seen during THP-1 (positive) cell lines. Hence the result of the study finally showed that LACC1 gene codes for macropha ge immune-metabolic function and polymorphic variation influences risk of Crohns disease (Assadi et al. 2016). Considering the clinical use of flow cytometry in research studies, the main advantage of flow cytometry is its ability to characterize immunophenotyping deviation in cells and detect diagnosis of hematopoietic disorders like leukemia. It has led to new methods for assessing hematologic malignancy and MRD. It is cost-effective and quick method for disease detection and diagnosis. However the limitation of the method is that it cannot easily detect sarcoma and carcinomas as they tend to stick (Woo et al. 2014). The main principle of fluorescence and fluorescence microscopic techniques was used to analyze therapeutic effectiveness in Crohns disease. In patients with Crohns disease, the antibody to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) binds to the membrane bound TNF and suppresses immune response in person. Hence, the researcher used fluorescent antibodies for TNF imaging studies. Despite using TNF therapy, patient show little improvement in their clinical symptoms and it also increases the risk of side-effects like allergic reaction and skin disorders. The main limitation in treatment was that clinician cannot predict the response to anti-TNF therapy in patients. With this problem in treatment of patients with Crohns disease, the research question for the study was to see how fluorescence antibodies to TNF can help in studying response to anti-TNF therapy (Atreya et al. 2014). Therefore, the use of different techniques like transfection, fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry helped in studying variation in expression of Crohns disease risk gene and increased understanding of Crohns disease risk gene. Higher LACC1 expression was seen in spleen and lymph nodes in this research study. Hence application of this technique helped in gaining better understanding of LACC1 function in regulating immune-mediated function and diseases. These tools can be exploited in the future for several diagnostic studies. Reference Assadi, G., Vesterlund, L., Bonfiglio, F., Mazzurana, L., Cordeddu, L., Schepis, D., Mjsberg, J., Ruhrmann, S., Fabbri, A., Vukojevic, V. and Percipalle, P., 2016. Functional Analyses of the Crohns Disease Risk Gene LACC1.PloS one,11(12), p.e0168276. Atreya, R., Neumann, H., Neufert, C., Waldner, M.J., Billmeier, U., Zopf, Y., Willma, M., App, C., Mnster, T., Kessler, H. and Maas, S., 2014. In vivo imaging using fluorescent antibodies to tumor necrosis factor predicts therapeutic response in Crohn's disease.Nature medicine,20(3), pp.313-318. Givan, A.L., 2013.Flow cytometry: first principles. John Wiley Sons. Goehring, A., Lee, C.H., Wang, K.H., Michel, J.C., Claxton, D.P., Baconguis, I., Althoff, T., Fischer, S., Garcia, K.C. and Gouaux, E., 2014. Screening and large-scale expression of membrane proteins in mammalian cells for structural studies.Nature protocols,9(11), pp.2574-2585. Woo, J., Baumann, A. and Arguello, V., 2014. Recent advancements of flow cytometry: new applications in hematology and oncology.Expert review of molecular diagnostics,14(1), pp.67-81.

The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost , Poetry Expli Essay Example For Students

The Road Not Taken? by Robert Frost , Poetry Expli Essay cation The poem The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost addresses the idea of decision-making and choosing what direction life will take you. The poem is about the speaker arriving at a fork in the road, where both paths are carpeted with leaves. The persona, who is believed to be Frost himself, chooses to take the road less traveled by. He tells himself that he will take the other road another day, although he knows it is unlikely that he will have the opportunity to do so. The poem concludes with the speaker satisfied by his choice in taking the road less traveled by. We will write a custom essay on The Road Not Taken? by Robert Frost , Poetry Expli specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The poem consists of four stanzas, each containing five lines. The rhyme rigid scheme is ABAAB. Then, in the last line the rhyme is broken with the word difference making the ending stand out from the rest of the poem. Each line contains four stressed syllables. Frost uses a metaphor comparing the road to life, and the fork to making decisions. The first stanza conveys a mood of change and introduces the idea of a life altering decision, which is the basis for the poem. First Frost sets the scene with his opening words, Two roads diverged (line 1). The speaker is standing at a junction in the road pondering two choices. The roads in the poem are merged where the speaker is standing but lead in two different directions signifying two different paths in life. Frost begins with the metaphorical meaning as early as the first line with his reference to yellow wood (line 1). This suggests that the setting is in the forest during Fall, which is the season of change. The second line, sorry I could not have traveled both (line 2) expresses the curiosity to explore several possibilities in life. It also forms a sense of regret at not knowing what could lie ahead on the un-chosen path and the speakers limitation to one lifetime. When Frost says, And be one traveler (line 3) it is obvious that speaker can not travel down both paths. He realizes that he needs to make a choice and pick one path over the other. The speakers procrastination and the difficulty in predicting the outcome of the decision he needs to make is shown when he, stood And looked down one as far as I could (line3-4). Both roads lead to the unknown, To where it bent in the undergrowth (line 5), as do many choices in life. This is a metaphor to our inability to predict the future, and the fact that regardless what road is chosen it will not be free of obstacles. In the second stanza the persona continues to examine both paths and ponder which road to take. In line six Frost uses the phrase, just as fair (line 6), to imply that his decision needs careful consideration because once it is made, there is no turning back. Once again, Frost points to uncertainty in the future by using the word perhaps in line seven. The speaker is judging the road from where he is standing. Frost then goes on to describe the path as grassy and wanted wear (line 8). From this line, the reader gets the impression that the persona took the road less traveled by to break away from the influence and control of society. But by making the metaphor a road Frost makes it clear that few have chosen to take the harder route through life because it is less trodden upon. Although the roads have little difference in appearance since they are worn about the same (line 10), they both lead to undeterminable futures. By the end of the second stanza, the speaker still has not made a choice about which path to take. The third stanza makes it clear that every time a choice presents itself there is a new journey or path to be traveled. This is shown in lines eleven and twelve when Frost says, And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black (line 11-12). Then, with the use of, Oh, I kept the first for another day! (line 13), the speaker repeats his hesitation and .

Hospitality And Tourism Management Tourism Essay Example

Hospitality And Tourism Management Tourism Essay Example Hospitality And Tourism Management Tourism Essay Hospitality And Tourism Management Tourism Essay The subject of strategic direction is one of those hot button concerns that had attracted a important sum of attending over the past four decennaries. Strategic is a agencies adopted by the direction in order to accomplish the long term aims. Strategic direction Process, is a procedure through which organisations analyze and learn from their internal and external environments set up strategic way, create schemes that are intended to travel the organisation in that way, and implement those schemes, all in an attempt to fulfill cardinal stakeholders. In cordial reception context the traditional procedure for developing schemes consists of analysing the internal environments such as Owners/Board Directors, Managers and employees and external environments of the company such as rivals, militant groups, providers, brotherhoods, fiscal mediators, authorities bureaus, local communities, clients and media to get at organisational strengths, failings, chances and menaces ( SWOT ) . The consequence from this state of affairs analysis are the footing for developing missions, ends and schemes and the typical inquiry that the organisation have to happen out in order to hold a clear concern definition are who is being satisfied? What is being satisfied? and how are client demands satisfied? In general, a company should choose schemes that take advantage of organisational strengths and environmental chances or neutralize or get the better of organisational failings and environmental menaces. After schemes are formulated, plans for implementin g them are established and carried out. The environment is the primary determiner of any strategic success. A good direction is associated with finding which scheme will outdo fit environmental, proficient, and human forces at a peculiar point in clip, and so working to transport it out. Some surveies show that the ability to aline the accomplishments and other resources of the organisation with the demands and demands of the environment can be a beginning of competitory advantage. ( Cathy Enz, Strategic Hospitality Management, 2010 ) . As it has been mentionated before the strategic direction procedure has three nucleus countries: Strategic Analysis, Strategic development and strategic execution. Strategic Analysis referes to organisation, its mission, vision, value, civilization and aims have to be analyzed and examined. Strategic direction provides value for the people involved in the organization-its stakeholders. Strategic Development: the scheme options have to be developed and so selected. To be successful, the scheme is likely to be built on the peculiar accomplishments of the organisation and the particular relationship that it has or can develop with those outside such as providers, clients, distributers and authorities. In short for many organisations, this will intend developing advantages over rivals that are sustainable over clip. There are normally many options available and one or more will hold to be selected. There are three degrees of schemes to be formulated: concern unit degree ( Departmental sc hemes ) ; corporate degree ( Organizational Strategies ) and International degree ( Global Strategies ) . Strategic Execution: the select options now have to be implemented. There may be major troubles in footings of motive, power relationship, authorities dialogues, company acquisitions and many other affairs. It is really of import clarify that a scheme that can non be implemented is non deserving the paper it is written on. ( Richard Lynch, Strategic Management, 2009 ) . To Summaryze organisations need to develop schemes in order to optimise the usage of these resources otherwise will non acquire the success. Particularly, it is indispensable to look into the sustainable competitory advantage that will let the organisation to last and thrive against competition. In other words it is indispensable for a company to make and develop schemes in order to accomplish the long -term ends and aims. The importance of the strategic direction is extremely important, merely allows and organisation to be more proactive than reactive in determining its ain hereafter ; it allows an organisation to originate and act upon activities and therefore to exercise control over its ain fate. Small, concern proprietors, main executive officers, presidents and directors of many for-profit and non-profit organisations have recognized and realized the benefits of strategic direction. Historically, the rule benefit of strategic direction has been to assist organisations explicate better schemes through the usage of the more systematic, logical and rational attack to strategic pick. Such as fiscal benefits ( betterment in gross revenues, betterment in profitableness and betterment in productiveness ) and non fiscal benefits ( improved apprehension of rivals schemes, enhanced consciousness of menaces, reduced opposition to alter and heighten problem-prevention capablenesss ) . But in today s universe we can easy reflex the undermentioned betterment benefits in organisation s strategic procedure direction like for illustration: taking an organization-wide, proactive attack to a altering planetary universe ; constructing an executive squad that serves as a theoretical account of cross-functional or horizontal teamwork ; holding an intense executive development and strategic orientation procedure ; specifying focused, quantifiable results steps of success ; doing intelligent budgeting determinations ; clear uping your competitory advantage ; cut downing struggle authorising the organisation ; supplying clear guidelines for daily determination devising ; making a critical mass for alteration, authorising in-between directors, concentrating everyone in the organisation in the same overall model, rushing up execution of the nucleus schemes and supplying touchable tools for covering with the emphasis of alteration. Marriott International overview Presently Marriott International is a taking lodging company with more than 3,500 lodging belongingss in 68 states and districts such as Americas, Middle East, Africa, Asia and Europe. Marriott International operates and franchises hotels under the Marriott, JW Marriott, The Ritz-Carlton, The Autograph Collection, Renaissance, Residence Inn, Courtyard, TownePlace Suites, Fairfield Inn, SpringHill Suites and Bulgari trade name names ; develops and operates holiday ownership resorts under the Marriott Vacation Club, The Ritz-Carlton Destination Club, and Grand Residences by Marriott trade names ; licences and manages whole-ownership residential trade names, including The Ritz-Carlton Residences, JW Marriott Residences and Marriott Residences ; operates Marriott Executive Apartments ; provides equipped corporate lodging through its Marriott ExecuStay division ; and operates conference centres. The company is headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland, USA, and had about 146,000 employees at tw elvemonth 2010. Marriott International reported gross revenues from go oning operations of about $ 11 billion dollars. Marriott International chief merchandise is all about deluxery, confort and high manner accomodation. This company has been success for its guest service satisfaction positionated it as one of the best cordial reception company all over the universe. Marriott International mark market is chiefly defined by age, gender, geographics, socio-economic grouping, technographic, or any other combination of demographics but the most predominat beginning is the in-between upper category. The industry is higly fragrmented and no participant commands more than 20 % of the market portion. Competition in the industry is by and large based on the quality of the suites, eating houses, meeting installations and service, attraction of locations, handiness of planetary distribution system, monetary value and other factors. Althought Marriott s planetary presence across 68 states enables it to offer services to a big figure of clients, it lags behind its rivals who are present in 80-100 states such as Starwoods Hotels and Resorts ; Choice Hotels International ; InterContinental Hotel ; Hilton Hotels ; Orient-Express Hotel and Hyatt Hotels Corporations. Marriott International mission statement: To win in service by proactively offering clients theA most valuable aid, A information and support in a uniquely warm and lovingness mode . Marriott International Vision: To be the universe s first pick for full-Service Hospitality. The company chief merchandise is deluxery accomodation and confort . Political Factors: Marriott Hotels can non know apart when using people based on sex, ethnicity, faith, orientation. The authorities supports touristry because it is a moneymaking industry for the state. Marriott has to pay attending to physical and psychological working environment conditions since the American authorities exhaustively regulates it. Economic Factors: In the short-run, Americans are affected by the economical crisis, so they should concentrate on giving an image of affordability. In the long term, they have a really solid repute so when the economic system bounces back, they will be able to return to their original position which is a concatenation of luxury hotels. Social Factors: Green issues are really of import in America so the Marriott would hold to concentrate on recycling, non being uneconomical and in general be every bit eco-friendly as possible. Aged population in America is affluent that means that spend on leisure, going and hotels. Technological Factors : Marriott is defined by luxury therefore it should be up-to day of the month with the latest engineerings such as free, fast and accessible Wi-Fi, functional and easy to utilize website and paying measure on cell phone. Ecological Factors: Each twelvemonth, Marriot Internationa and its proprietors spend about $ 10 billon yearly purchasing merchandises and services for its more than 3,300 hotels around the universe. Acknowledging this purchaising power, Marriot has teamed up with its sellers to present these greener solution at no excess cost such as Greener cardinal cards, Eco-pillows, Earth-friendly towels, Recycled pens and low VOC pigment and Biodegradable wash bags. Legislative Factors: the inns in America are about to anticipate lobbying and legislative action that will impact travel company traxation and card cheque which are of import issues to th lodging industry accroding to the American Hotel and Lodging Association. The associatio believes that this move will bear an imp act on the industry. STRENGHTS Failing Strong market place Strong gross grow Technology enabled services Strong concern theoretical account Overdependence on the US market Weak runing border Opportunity Menace Expansion into China and Southeast Asia Recovery of concern travel market Competition Labor issues Rising involvement rates One of the chief concerns of the group sing gross revenues schemes has been its overdependence on the US market. While the company has more than doubled its market portion of suites in the United States over the last 15 old ages, its market portion outside the United States is less than 1 % , go forthing considerable chance for enlargement. Identifying new international chances is a precedence. In financial 2008, Marriott operated 2,349 out of 2,741 hotels in the US. This represents more than 85 % of the entire hotels. This over dependance has affected Marriott significantly, particularly at clip of slow economic system. Furthermore, the company has merely a little presence in the huge, and yet still turning, Asiatic market. This deficiency of geographic spread in its grosss is a major failing for the company. Although the company s operating border has increased marginally in financial 2009 from 4.7 % to 4.8 % over financial 2008, its runing border has lagged behind industry norm. Over the five twelvemonth period from 2004-2009, the company s operating border, which was 4.6 % , trailed the industry norm of 10.2 % . Weak runing borders indicate increasing costs and can adversely impact the long term fiscal place of the company. The cordial reception industry is characterized by a big figure of participants, with many of them holding a world-wide presence similar to Marriott. There are many big hotel ironss similar to the company, such as InterContinental, Hilton Group, Accor and Hyatt Corporation, who are besides spread outing into possible growing parts such as Asia. Its rival, InterContinental has the largest presence in China with 55 hotels, with programs to duplicate the figure by 2011. Accor has 24 hotels in China, with 33 under planning phase. Marriott has limited presence in India, with programs to present other trade names in the part. Whereas InterContinental has 15 hotels in India and Hilton has re-entered the Indian market. Furthermore, the broad presence of independent hotels particularly in the European part holds a major potency for consolidation. This will increase competition and might ensue in a loss of grosss and market portion for the company. Some of the company s brotherhood contracts i n New York, Chicago, Boston, and many other major metropoliss are set to run out in 2011. The hotel brotherhood is endangering a work stoppage in all of these metropoliss at the same time. The brotherhood s large demand for the ability to unionize more hotels without direction intervention can turn out to be a important menace for the company. The US has seen 17 consecutive involvement rate hikings over the past few old ages. Inflation frights in US may see another rise in the short term. This could impact the company s growing programs by increasing the funding costs. In add-on, lifting involvement rates could take to cut down disbursement by corporate clients, which would impact the company s grosss. A strong market place enables the company good for future growing. However, increasing competition in the planetary cordial reception industry could impact the company s market portion. The company operates hotels in mid-scale, upscale, upper upscale and luxury sections caters to both concern and leisure travellers with its huge portfolio of adjustment services. The company s customer-loyalty plan is besides the largest in the industry and ensures repetition traffic in its hotels. The company s strong hotel grapevine of 75,000 suites ensures that it can consolidate its market place and continue to bring forth extra grosss. The company s increased focal point on engineering as a concern tool has resulted in important investings in bolstering its web based services portfolio. These attempts have given Marriott the best online reserve system in the industry which attracts about six million visitants every month. In add-on to this, the company has besides tied up with expedia.com and hotels.com to drive traffic to its hotels via online channels. Furthermore, the company is able to supply the industry s lowest cost per reserve and lands cross-selling chances. Technology is stopper and drama , thanks to Marriott s sole hight- tech connectivity panel that links laptops, iPods and other personal amusement equipment with province of the art 32 inch high definition Television and sound system. With high-velocity cyberspace entree in all its hotels, and hotels offering Wi-Fi, Marriott leads the industry in maintaining its clients connected. Marriott is developing and proving new systems, including check-in via anteroom booths and wireless handheld devices, every bit good as pre-arrival e-mail verifications that provide clients with local and hotel-specific information prior to their stay. A focal point on engineering will enable the company to bring forth incremental gross revenues every bit good as better the quality of experience for its clients. Marriott works on a concern theoretical account that separates ownership of hotel assets from the direction and franchising of its trade name. The consequence was a split of the company into Host Marriott and Marriott International. Today, Marriott focuses on puting in its trade name, go forthing existent estate investing to 3rd parties ( e.g. , Host Marriott, Sunstone, and Diamondrock ) . This concern scheme is a less capital-intensive theoretical account that generates higher mean returns on assets than existent estate-based theoretical accounts. Marriott s manager-franchisor theoretical account besides ensures a steady fee watercourse. Under the fee-based theoretical account that Marriott pursues, guaranting a steady watercourse of new add-ons to the figure of branded suites under direction or franchise understanding is critical to the company s net incomes growing. Decision: As discussed earlier Marriott International may better to a great extent. With travellers acknowledging that Marriott s trade names represent the highest value and quality in the industry its hotels could take progress of this state of affairs an enjoyed at least a 15 % gross per available room premium to direct rivals. Over the following old ages, the company will necessary hold to anticipate proprietors and franchisees to put a important sum of money in belongings betterments, that reflect its new expression and feel . One of the most transformative alterations is the new bedclothes, which is now in about all Marriott branded hotels in add-on to high yarn count sheets and multiple pillows, the replacing of the traditional bedcovers with newly laundered linens is doing Marriott s bedding the cleanest and freshest of any mayor hotel concatenation. Eight out of 10 concern travellers said they would be willing to pay more for the new, advanced room. The company has announced programs to add over 600 hotel belongingss by 2015, the majority of the add-ons will be in the emerging markets of India, where it plans to hold 100 hotel belongingss and other states include China and Southeast Asia. This will add a great dimension to the success of Marriott International. The growing of the Marriott s operations outside of the United States besides makes them susceptible to the hazards of making concern internationally due to geopolitical factors and region-specific economic resecions. Certain countries such as China and India are dining, which could well ioncrease net incomes dut to part specific economic roars. However, concentrated recession could take down grosss, addition costs, cut down net incomes or otherwise crippled concern. The recent economic recession has caused a enormous impact on all the industry sectors including the cordial reception industry. The company must invariably detect the alteration in the client tendencies in all the major parts it operates. An innovate program sing direction system in Marriott International should be transportation directors from one part to other part in order to increase the flexibleness of the directors. The following possible measure is to avoid investings in the parts that are involved in political and war struggles such as Afghanistan at this minute. Meanwhile the rivals are implemented IT strategies confederations that are non productive, Marriott International continue to concentrate on service, leveraging its apprehension of invitee and engineering, through such industry taking enterprises as Spirit To Server its Guests , for illustration today guest can utilize the web to order room service prior to arrival. Local civilizations must non be compromised irrespective of the success the organisation achieves in its international ventures. By organizing strategic confederations with international circuit operators Marriott can happen new influx of invitees. The Marriott system continues to turn with a healthy grapevine of hotels that means that invitee will hold more picks across more trade names in more locations than of all time. In few words Marriott is ready to present what its clients want, when they want it, the manner they want it. Its superb trade names, merchandises and services are making a new audience and dramaticall y altering perceptual experience of travel.

Capital Punishment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Capital Punishment - Essay Example The history of death penalty dates to very ancient times. The earliest recorded evidence of this law comes from the fifth century B.C Roman law of Twelve Tables. This was followed by the Draconian Code of Athens in the seventh century B.C which made death the only sentence of every crime. The history of capital punishment also shows that this law was practiced in England as well. In England, one ruler who is famous for practicing this law was King Henry the eighth who sentenced a lot of people to gruesome death sentences. He did not even spare his wives from this punishment. It is established from history that in every civilized society there has always been a law of death in order to maintain law and order. The verdict of capital punishment has always been a matter of controversy generally because of the way a case is dealt at the court of law. A recent post by the Orlando Sentinel suggested to the state of Florida to change the way a death sentence is practiced. It suggested that instead of the existing law where a meek majority of the jury is sufficient to suggest a death sentence to the presiding judge, it would be better that a unanimous decision would be required to award the death sentence to the convicted person. The report highlights three cases in which individuals were convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment for crimes which they did not commit. It took at least thirteen years before post-conviction DNA test cleared them from the charges. Such cases where innocent people are sentenced to death raises questions as to whether the individuals who were awarded death sentences in olden times truly criminals as the DNA testing techniques were not developed in those times. (Sepia 2011). Another issue which is raised with regard to death penalty is that whether the death penalty should be exercised or not in this day and age when a lot of emphasis is laid upon human rights. The ongoing case of Bradley Manning is an example. Bradley Manning leaked classified information relating to possible war crimes of the United States in Iraq and Afghanistan in WikiLeaks. The government of the United States has charged him for aiding the enemy which is a dealt with giving a capital punishment in the country. Now a letter has been sent to the president of America, Barack Obama which has been signed by more than 50 European Parliament members. They have stated their demands that Bradley Manning should be put to trial officially rather than being subjected to torture. Furthermore, they have demanded that he should not be given a death penalty (Guardian 2011). There are different places around the world where a ban has been placed on capital punishment. This includes th e state of Oregon in the United States. The governor of Oregon John Kitzhaber has declared suspension of the death sentence and would halt any execution till he is in office. The governor even declined two volunteers who were in death row and were willing to die. Mr. John Kitzhaber stated that this system was wrong and he clearly stated that â€Å"

Racism in the Counselling Relationship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Racism in the Counselling Relationship - Essay Example The essay "Racism in the Counselling Relationship" discusses the racism in regarding the intercultural counseling. The race is a 19th-century pseudo-scientific construction that has been discredited since the human species could not be genetically thus compartmentalized. Though racism is not the same as ethnocentrism. Recognition - that monocultural model of counseling and therapy that prevailed until the mid-20th century to deal with problems presented by today’s racial and ethnic diversity in most nation states was inadequate - led to rethinking in favor of a multicultural approach. Hitherto, counselors and therapists had been trained in the psychodynamic, person-centred, and cognitive behavior therapy models, to name but a salient few. Sue and Sue were the first to propose a theory of multicultural counseling and therapy. The hitherto ’invisible other’ became aggressively visible with the Black Civil Rights Movement and compelled counselors to explore the impa ct of cultural identity and diversity in the counseling relationship. The aim of counseling was no longer to encourage and enforce ‘assimilation’ of the ’other’ into the dominant culture but to empathize and explore the assumptive world of the client from whatever background he/she came from. Integration, rather than assimilation, where individuals belonging to a minority culture could preserve their cultural identity began to be valued. It was soon evident that counselors could no longer ignore their own cultural background.

Ethics and Sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Ethics and Sustainability - Essay Example One of the ethical discussions on sustainability is the promotion of artificial products through the widespread application of genetic engineering in plants and animals, and creation of man-made ecosystem to alter the deteriorating ecological balance. Artificial is defined as formulation of something based on natural phenomenon but is completely lacks the intrinsic value of what is natural. Conservative thinkers postulate that incorporating artificial schema on environmental context is morally unjustified because it violates the natural mechanism of things, and in religious context, it defiles the God's creation. Conversely, radical thinkers posit that the integration of artificial schema in the environment is morally permissible because it helps in the prolongation and preservation of life, especially that the world is facing a huge problems on natural resources continuous supplies. Advocators Advocators of anti-artificial schema argue that the promotion of ersatz products necessitates the used of modern technology, and if certain technology is not yet available, then new technology must be invented first for the realisation of a specific artificial products. The problems with this is that most of the time, the actualisation artificial schema post threats on the natural resources because, one, a new technology must be applied to natural things before it can be proven, and if the technology fails, new technologies will be created, which means that the threat on environment will also increase; two, the artificial procedures of preserving life in the expense of our natural environment is becoming vicious because of the belief that preservation of life is justified in any given context, wherein our natural environment suffers greatly from this belief because the environment is only seen as resource that must be utilised for the nourishment of life. On the other hand, proponents of artificial schema conjecture that natural resources is finite and limited, hence the need to manufacture ersatz products in the expense and out of natural resources is permissible because through this, the continually increasing demand for basic human needs will be resolved, as well as, the environment will be preserved. Radical thinkers argue that modern technologies may have repercussions but its benefits are countless. They even stress out that application of artificial schema with the aid of technology is the only way humanity can preserve its environment and its people. Today the world is embracing the artificiality of things; foods products are being engineered, while natural environment are being photocopied such as lagoon, rainforest, etc. to prevent the continuous deterioration of the environment, and to preserve its present status. Thus our modern advancements and artificial schemes have created major environmental positive consequences, as well as, risks that threaten the lives and well-being not only

Kpop and Hong Kong Teenagers

Kpop and Hong Kong Teenagers Introduction I want nobody, nobody but you. I want nobody, nobody but you No matter you are a Korean mania or not, you must have heard this song somewhere before, as its great popularity among Hong Kong teenagers. Korean pop music (K-pop), which attracted much debate in the past several years, is considered as a part of Korean wave. One issue that the success of K-pop is merely due to the Korean drama effect (à ¥Ã‚ °Ã‚ Ãƒ ©Ã… ¸Ã¢â‚¬Å"à ¥Ã…“†¹Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ µÃ‚ Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ ¡Ã…’à ©Ã… ¸Ã‚ ³Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ ¨Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒ ¦-†¡Ãƒ ¥Ã…’-à §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ §Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ Ãƒ §Ã‚ ©Ã‚ ¶, 2009). Research done in Korea has indicated that the success was bolstered by anti-Japanese sentiment, government subsidizes and outstanding dancing ability (Cho, H. J., 2005). Other points to the great diversity of music genres (à ¦Ã… ¾-à ¦Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ £Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ «Ã‚ ­, à ©Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‚ ³Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ·Ã‚ §Ãƒ ©Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ©, à ¨Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ¢â‚¬ °Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ¾Ã‚ Ãƒ ¥Ã‹Å"†°, 2010). The debate, however, has missed an important focus: Hong Kong teenagers di ssatisfaction with the Hong Kong music industry. While people keep admiring the others advantages without introspection what self lacks, it may likely lead to providing a chance for others to step in. The paper aims to argue that K-pop captivated Hong Kong teenagers as a result of dissatisfaction with the current Hong Kong music industry due to several inadequacies of the current Hong Kong music industry: lack of diversity of song genres, creativity and music TV programs. The paper is divided into five sections. Following the introduction, in Section 2, some background information of K-pop and its progress will be introduced. Section 3 then focuses on the reasons of popularity of K-pop among Hong Kong teenagers. Section 4 tries to discuss how Hong Kong can emulate this successful invasion. The paper concludes with a reminder for Hong Kong people not to repel the strengths of K-pop, but to absorb them into our own Hong Kong style. Section 2 Background Korean pop music became fashionable throughout East Asia and Southeast Asia in a phenomenon commonly dubbed Korea[n] Wave (Pease, 2006). K-pop is considered as a segment of Korean wave. Besides K-pop, there are TV dramas, movies, fashion and etc. In the past several years, there are continuously many discourse on this since its abrupt and comprehensive descent upon the other Asian countries with a systematic and tactical plan (à ¦Ã‚ ¢Ã‚ Ãƒ ¦- ­Ãƒ ¦Ã‹Å"Ã… ½, 2003). K-pop in fact could not the most representative item that spread Korean wave abroad, but TV dramas. If we trace the history back to the first Korean product that appeared in Hong Kong, that is the drama named Star in my heart in 1997. The drama obtained instantaneous popularity among Hong Kong people (Hyun, O. S., 2004; Cai, J., 2008). With the increasing popularity of Korean dramas, many people started curious about Korea and hence expanded the Korean wave to K-pop. The formation of popular music industry is quite different. In Korea, popular music industry tends to produce music groups rather than solo singers. However, in Hong Kong, popular music industry tends to produce solo singers. Thus it is fairly easy for K-pop to step in if Hong Kong teenagers seek substitutes. Section 3 In Hong Kong, with an increasing number of K-pop is imported and broadcast through two main broadcasting companies, the awareness of K-pop among Hong Kong people is booming. Ringtones in Korean songs, following the news of K-pop singers and watching K-pop TV programs could be considered as the typical characteristics of K-pop mania, Hahanzu in Mandarin. The proportion of K-pop mania in Hong Kong keeps rising rapidly. In the following, the reasons why K-pop is able to penetrate into Hong Kong will be introduced: (1) Great diversity of song genres; (2) Outstanding dancing ability; (3) Korean government subsidizes; (4) Anti-Japanese sentiment; (5) Drama effect original soundtracks; (6) Dissatisfaction with the stagnant Hong Kong music industry. Great diversity of song genres In K-pop, many different sorts of music style can be easily discovered, from ballad to techno, classic to rock, and even the traditional Korean music has also intermixed in the current K-pop. As the traditional Korean music contains diversified music elements and special cultural features, it gave a consolidated ground for the development of the K-pop. Moreover, after the Korean War, as South Korea became more liberal to the culture from foreign countries and frequently interacts with United States, a constant flow of western culture and instruments have been penetrated into South Korea. As a result, with the integration of Western and Korean music, diversified song genres were developed and eventually turned into the Koreans unique style of music (Sung, 2008). For that reason, it is easy for current K-pop to be accepted and liked by anyone in the world (à ¥Ã‚ °Ã‚ Ãƒ ©Ã… ¸Ã¢â‚¬Å"à ¥Ã…“†¹Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ µÃ‚ Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ ¡Ã…’à ©Ã… ¸Ã‚ ³Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ ¨Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒ ¦-†¡Ãƒ ¥Ã…’-à §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å ¾Ãƒ §Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ Ãƒ §Ã‚ ©Ã‚ ¶, 2009). However, as Cho stated, the Korean group music industry is in fact a duplicate of the United States (2005). This might be true when Western music first flew into Korea. Nevertheless, in the current situation, K-pop has already generated its own manner by absorbing and then reforming the features of Western music. Combining varied music elements together, K-pop, therefore, provides a fresh and distinct impression comparing to other countries music. Outstanding dancing ability The rise of K-pop is, secondly, advanced by the Korean singers outstanding dancing ability. In response to the question why Korean music attracted you, half of the interviewees replied with the same reason that Korean singers have outstanding dancing ability and deeply impressed them when Korean singers perform a live show. During 90s, the Korean music industry abounded with dance music and many people greatly enjoyed this kind of music, which lead dance music climb up to the peak and spread abroad. As Sang stated, [G]roups, such as NRG, Baby Vox, S.E.S. and Shinhwa began to penetrate China, Hong Kong and Taiwan(2006). The great success of dance music provided a consolidated ground for development of contemporary K-pop, which is still principally occupied by dance music. Therefore, audience could have more chance to enjoying singers dancing. On the other hand, those singers also ought to raise their dancing strength to survive. In order to survive, long training period is necessary for being a singer in Korea. Normally, if someone would like to be a singer in Korea, he/she have to pass an audition and then receive several years of training organized by the company in terms of dancing, singing, instruments, and etc. Training of dancing is the part that will never omit because dance music occupies a great proportion of K-pop. Therefore, singers in Korea, almost everyone, are possessed of great strength of dancing. According to Seo, with outstanding dancing ability and a country that a number of people enjoy dancing, Korean dance music could be exported to the world successfully (2002). Subsidies from Korean government Subsidies offered by the Korean government is another reason that bolstered Korean pop music groups captivate Hong Kong teenagers.The subsidy policy was trapped and launched internally in South Korea before 1996. However, as times goes on, in order to recover from the economic downturn, the government tried to revise the subsidy policy to support producing and exporting Korean cultural products, which became more extroversive to other countries (2003). Hence, with the great support by the government, pop music groups or their music companies could produce songs or other related products without any worries and have a more smooth way to export their productions. Furthermore, as Cho stated, the [Korean] government moved quickly to increase the national culture industrys budget, to station government specialists in large cities in China and elsewhere and to set up a hall of the Korean Wave (2005). When the government noticed that great benefits could be made from exporting the cultural products, it speeded up to advance the progress of internationalization of Korean culture, which thus provided more resource for Korean pop music groups to entre other countries industry. Anti-Japanese sentiment Another factor that boosts the popularity of K-pop in Hong Kong is the anti-Japanese sentiment, which has been discussed in many articles regarding discussions on Korean Wave (Cho, 2005). Japanese cultural flow has entered into Hong Kong for many years. Before the widespread popularity of K-pop in Hong Kong, Japanese pop music groups were the most popular foreign culture. 19th century could be said as the peak period of the Japanese culture. However, with weary of the long-lasting Japanese culture, Hong Kong people started seeking something new, something different from Japanese. Therefore, started from 20th century, as Korean cultural product were broadcast or sold in Hong Kong, the popularity of Japanese culture declined. Nevertheless, some people indicated that it will not disappear completely. Cultural proximities Another reason is that similar cultural background and appearance brings people cordial feeling more than westerners. As globalization develops and cultural exchanges become more and more frequent, Asia is no longer dominated by American popular culture. Asians are choosing things that are more culturally similar. (Cai, J., 2008). In many aspects, it is obvious that there are many similarities between Hong Kongers and Koreans. For instance, we celebrate the same festivals such as Lunar New Year and Middle Autumn Festival and also the same ideology Confucianism that has been rooted in both Hong Kong people and Koreans mind. Besides, both places were also colonized by Japan and received great influence from Japanese culture. Drama effect original soundtracks The following reason is that the songs which come along with TV dramas generated people curiosity and interest on K-pop. In every drama, there must be at least one theme song. Almost all the hit dramas in Hong Kong, the theme song will also gain great popularity without any additional promotion but the drama itself only (2009). Once the drama succeeds, a chain reaction would normally occur. In other words, a popular drama would bring its theme song popularity too. Therefore, there could be a good chance for those, who never listen to K-pop before, get to know K-pop. Dissatisfaction with the Hong Kong music industry The last but the most important reason, that previous research and studies have missed, lies on Hong Kong teenagers dissatisfaction with the Hong Kong music industry. Normally, while people keep pointing out and admiring the others strengths, it may likely lead to less reflection on their own. Without introspection what self lacks, no progress would be made. It, hence, could be doubtlessly bombarded by the others. The Hong Kong music industry now is exactly in that situation. When K-pop was penetrating Hong Kong, the Hong Kong music industry just kept praising K-pops strengths but did not act to fight against the huge constant flow of K-pop. It, hence, is doubtlessly bombarded by K-pop. Nowadays, K-pop or other related products could be easily discovered everywhere. There are three inadequacies of the current Hong Kong music industry that contributed to dissatisfaction: lack of diversity of song genres, lack of creativity and lack of music TV programs. Firstly, the Hong Kong music industry contains few song genres. Lack of diversity of song genres could not satisfy all people in Hong Kong, which lead people seek their flavor in other countries. Secondly, lack of creativity Moreover, according to the innovation ranking of Hong Kong among the world is 23 only, lagging behind Korea, Japan and Singapore (2010), which implied that lack of creativity is another inadequacy. Lastly, lack of music TV programs Section 4 As the influence of K-pop is increasing day by day, if the Hong Kong music industry still does not act to contend with. Therefore, Hong Kong has to enhance the competiveness of our own industry to emulate this successful invasion. The first thing we should do is refer to the success of K-pop, learn the strengths and even try to duplicate it. Intermixing with our style, Section 5 Conclusion K-pop, a part of Korean Wave, successfully penetrated Hong Kong, especially among teenagers due to several reasons: great diversity of song genres; outstanding dancing ability; Korean government subsidizes; Anti-Japanese sentiment; Cultural proximities; Drama effect original soundtracks; and the main reason: dissatisfaction with the stagnant Hong Kong music industry.

white fang Essay -- essays research papers

During Jack London’s life he has written many great novels, perhaps the greatest was White Fang. In 1906 he wrote the legendary novel about a stray wolf reverting to domestication. The majority of this book concerns White Fangs’ struggles with savage nature, Indians, dogs and white men. However, we also see White Fang is tamed by love and turns from a savage wolf into a loving and domesticated dog. White Fang begins with two men traveling through the artic with a dog team and sled, followed by a pack of famished wolves who pick off the dogs, one by one at night and eventually gets one of the men. The point of view then shifts to wolves and stays with them for nearly the entire story. â€Å"Over Jack London life he has wrote many books with Darwin's popular ideas in mind, particularly White Fang1 †. The process of "natural selection" means that only the strongest, brightest, and most adaptable elements of a species will survive. This idea is embodied by the character, White Fang. From the onset, he is the strongest wolf cub, the only one of the litter to survive the famine. His strength and intelligence make him the most feared dog in the Indian camp. While defending Judge Scott, Weedon Scott’s father, White Fang takes three bullets but is miraculously able to survive. One element of the book one might overlook is White Fang's ability to adapt to any new circumstances and somehow survive. He learns how to fight the other dogs, he learns to obey new masters, he learns to fight under the evil guidance of Beauty and, finally, he learns to love and be tamed by Weedon Scott. In the novel White Fang by Jack London, the main character learns to adapt to its surroundings ultimately leading to his domestication. There are many ways that the wild has influenced White Fang throughout his life. The beginning of this novel gives us one glimpse into the possible "other life" for White Fang. London chooses to show us the development White Fang, from a scientific perspective. â€Å"He compares the puppies to plants, and shows how even without consciousness; they are drawn toward the light2†. He also shows us White Fangs exploration of the outside - he thinks that he could walk on water, but then learns that it moves and is wet, and learns that it’s a stream. His descriptions show us the world as a wolf-pup. We understand what London means by the "wall of ligh... ...ng to his domestication. White Fang is tamed by love and turns from a savage wolf into a loving and home-keeping dog. However through the incident in San Francisco we can see that White Fang can easily revert back to his old ways. During the ending of the novel an incident occurs when a convict, Jim Hall, breaks into Judge Scott's home to "wreak vengeance" on the man who "railroaded" him into prison. Judge Scott's life is saved by White Fang, who very nearly loses his own life before slashing the throat of the killer. Jim Hall is a mad dog that must be destroyed for the safety of respectable citizens. In his encounter with the convict, White Fang has suffered several bullet wounds and is critically injured. But White Fang beats the odds and lives to be christened; the Scott family now calls him â€Å"The Blessed Wolf†. He lives, because of his extraordinary natural toughness, and his legacy of the wild, thus this shows the great power that is his, the p ower that he relaxes into love and ease but still keeps ready in case there is need for it in the treacherous world. Most of this book concerns White Fang’s struggles with savage nature, Indians, dogs, and white men.

Beauty Industry

Beauty industry in currently developing at a fast pace, to meet the demand. Nowadays, people pay more attention to their appearance, hence they use a lot of cosmetics. However, beauty products must undergone a plethora of tests before they are launched onto the market. That issue raises a question: should animals be subject to the tests? The answer still remains ambiguous, yet this topic is frequently discussed in media. In fact, the society is split over the issue and it is almost impossible to reach a consensus. Nevertheless, I believe that beauty products shouldn't be tested on animals. First and foremost, testing on animals is clearly cruel and unethical. Animals feel pain in the same degree as humans do. It is proved, that our physiological systems are in similar to a large extent. Moreover, it is unconceivable how many species die during these acts of cruelty. Even applying a non-invasive beauty products on an animal's skin can have tragic effects, not to mention harmful ingrediencies that can lead to fur's and skin's destruction or even skin cancer and consequently death. It is impossible to estimate the number of species that have already died during the tests. People should really ponder, whether testing a lipsticks or a foundation is worth killing innocent rats or guinea pigs. Second, why should researchers be permitted to harm those innocent species in such a harsh way? They are often part of our families, loyal companions; therefore, we should demure this actions. People shall not have power to injure any species and determine their lives. What is more, animals also exhibit fear, just like humans. They feel a need to be free and live their lives. In laboratories they are locked up in cages and people decide over their life and death. Moreover, animals are treated there in an atrocious way. For scientists, they are just a subject to a research not a living organism. They don't bother their well being at all, yet animals are closed and kept in unholy conditions. Finally, humans and animals are entirely different species when it comes to anatomy; hence they can react on the same substance in a different way. Therefore, the outcome of the tests isn't entirely reliable, as a lot of people believe. Therefore, we cannot pronounce the beauty product to be effective and harmless after checking its influence only on animals' skin. It is possible that the product, which has undergone a test on an animal and was certified to be innoxious, can have a negative impact on humans. Therefore nor animals nor humans benefit from this brutal tests. Moreover, beauty products are intended for human spices and their certain needs. When it comes to animals, it is paradoxical to test lipsticks or eyeshadows on them, yet it is know that their anatomy vary greatly from ours. Their body parts differ from the ones that humans have and their epidermis is largely covered in hair. Undoubtedly, comparing the influence of certain cosmetics on dissimilar organisms defeats the purpose.

Mona Lisa Smiles essays

Mona Lisa Smiles essays The movie Mona Lisa Smile explores life through themes of feminism, marriage, and education lead by a modernist teacher at the end of a traditional era. This film explains the idea or womens liberation, which was about women being able to do what they want, when they wanted to. The thought is that women should be allowed to do anything. Choosing to be a housewife is perfectly acceptable but if a womans dreams go beyond the household than she should be able to act upon them. Issues of questions dealing with uniformity and choosing the path that is right for each individual are also addressed. The film Mona Lisa Smile ultimately illustrates how certain expectations within gender roles, contraception, divorce, and marriage have changed over time, and some have remained the same. The movie begins by introducing the lead character, Katherine Watson, who is a free spirited art history teacher determined to make a difference at the prestigious Wellesley womens college. Very quickly it becomes apparent that Katherine is a non-conformist intellectual with a passion for art and education. Katherines ambition and persistence prove to demonstrate that she is a professor ahead of her time. On the first day to teach class her students attempt to intimidate her by sarcasm and their own intelligence. Katherine leaves the school baffled by the girls unkindness and realizes that she has her work cut out for her. Upon returning home the woman she is living with interrogates her about marriage. Despite her older age, Katherine has never been married which is hard for the women of Wellesley to understand. Katherine upholds marriage and understands the importance of family within society but she is also concerned with her career, helping others, and most of all, happ iness. The women of Wellesley seem to believe marriage is the single most important aspect of a womans life and K...